This will sound like heresy to the Ben Shapiros of the world, who have made a name for themselves challenging liberals to open debate in the “marketplace of ideas.” The wisest minds in the history of philosophy from Plato to Locke, by contrast, have known full well that some human beings simply cannot be educated. In Book X of the Nicomachean Ethics, written some 2,500 years ago, Aristotle argues that some people can only learn through beatings. And those who cannot learn at all, he argues, should be deported from the city. A harsh assessment, perhaps, but the fundamental point is well taken. Even being whacked upside the head with literal two-by-fours is not enough to teach the most fervent political fanatics to recognize reality.